Well you can high level format a partition. But sometimes that alone wont fix the problem. You can only low level format the entire disk. low level format actually erases and re writes the entire track. While a high level format only writes data sectors. (now windows format does not even write data, it only writes out a blank fat file allocation table). Also NOW low level format on IDE drives is not possible, Only mapping out bad sectors, this is because drives use weird geometry that can only be done using expensive calibration equipment. So those low level format programs just map out and block bad sectors.
So what this means is
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well programs lately does not work very well to fix problems so you have to go deeper and deeper and all it does it erase file names, drives, partition info etc etc the deeper you go.. They dont really format anything any more.
Oh yea, spinrite well... Its good for trying to recover data.. Not so good to fix a bad drive.. The drive will go bad again real fast even if it is fixed. Because even spinrite does not reformat the drive. Which can only be done at the factory.
In the old days before IDE a low level format actually erased the drive and rewrote everything so it fixed a lot of problems.