Nice video,except that it is French Airforce.
That's a Mirage 2000 from the French Air Force I was surprised to see such a video created by our IAF Well, now we know it's FAF Well, check out this amazing video *www.youtube.com/watch?v=A244hlxOeH0
What made me believe that it is FAF.
1.The insignia on the planes is of FAF.
2.The refueling aircraft shown is French.
3.The IAF doesnt have the second plane(darker)shown in the video.
The same footage can be seen in many French AF videos,so it seems like FAF video to me.
What made me believe that it is FAF.
1.The insignia on the planes is of FAF.
2.The refueling aircraft shown is French.
3.The IAF doesnt have the second plane(darker)shown in the video.
The same footage can be seen in many French AF videos,so it seems like FAF video to me.
ye hai India,meri jaan!
first ISRO challenged they will develop cryogenic engine for rockets(PSLV and up) indigenously under the circumstances of US ban on India for trial of atom bomb ,now later we hear that India bought 3 Cryogenic systems from good ol' Russia HAHAHA!
Russians and Germans-generally more Intelligent if you believe it or NOT
November 15, 2007
ISRO has achieved a significant milestone through the successful test of indigenously developed Cryogenic Stage, to be employed as the upper stage of India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV). The test was conducted for its full flight duration of 720 seconds today (November 15, 2007) at Liquid Propulsion test facility at Mahendragiri, in Tamil Nadu. With this test, the indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage has been fully qualified on the ground. The flight stage is getting ready for use in the next mission of GSLV (GSLV-D3) in 2008.
It may be recalled that a ground test for 480 seconds of the complete stage was conducted on August 4, 2007.
The indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS) is powered by a regeneratively cooled cryogenic engine, which works on staged combustion cycle developing a thrust of 69.5 kN in vacuum. The other stage systems include insulated propellant tanks, booster pumps, inter-stage structures, fill and drain systems, pressurisation systems, gas bottles, command block, igniters, pyro valves and cold gas orientation and stabilisation system. Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2) from the respective tanks are fed by individual booster pumps to the main turbo-pump, which rotates at 39,000 rpm to ensure a high flow rate of 16.5 kg/sec of propellants into the combustion chamber. The main turbine is driven by the hot gas produced in a pre-burner. Thrust control and mixture ratio control are achieved by two independent regulators. LOX and Gaseous Hydrogen (GH2) are ignited by pyrogen type igniters in the pre-burner as well as in the main and steering engines.
Apart from the complexities in the fabrication of stage tanks, structures, engine and its sub-systems and control components, CUS employs special materials like Aluminum, Titanium, Nickel and their alloys, bi-metallic materials and polyimides. Stringent quality control and elaborate safety measures have to be ensured during assembly and integration.
Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) is the lead centre for the development of Cryogenic Upper Stage with the involvement of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) and other ISRO centres as well as several industries, both in public and private sector.
The successful ground test of the indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage for the full flight duration has validated the design robustness and performance adequacy for its use in GSLV.
The Whole Truth
Work on developing a cryogenic engine was initiated shortly after the project to develop the Geostationary Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) was launched in 1986. The GSLV is capable of placing a 2 ton satellite into a geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).
Initially ISRO scientists attempted to develop a cryogenic engine on their own. However, having made no progress, in 1991 ISRO entered into a $120 million contract with Glavkosmos for the supply of two KVD-1 cryogenic engines and the complete transfer of technology for those engines.
The KVD-1 is the one and only oxygen/hydrogen liquid-propellant rocket engine in Russia known to have passed through full-scale ground testing routine. KVD-1's prototype known as 11D56 was developed between 1965-1972 by the Design Bureau of Chemical Machine-Building ( KB Khimmash) for the fourth stage of a future version of heavy Lunar N-1 launch vehicle. Bench trials of the engine commenced in 1966.
The KVD-1 engine is a single-chambered unit with a turbopump system designed to feed propellants; and includes afterburning: a feature characteristic of any powerful Russian liquid-propellant rocket engine design. The engine can be used in cryogenic upper stages designed to put payloads into high-altitude elliptical, geostationary orbits or escape trajectories.
US Sanctions
In 1993 the US leaned on Russia to cancel its contract with ISRO and stop any transfer of technology for developing cryogenic engines, citing violation of the MTCR regime. Indeed, the US imposed sanctions on both Glavkosmos as well as ISRO for the violation. The then Russian president, Boris Yelstin, yielded to American pressure and directed Glavkosmos to renegotiate its contract with ISRO to exclude transfer of technology. The renegotaited contract provisioned only for outright sale of two KVD-1 engines. Satisfied, the Americans lifted sanctions on Glavkosmos and ISRO.
Despite the renegotiation, in the years that followed, ISRO continued to exude confidence in its ability to develop the cryogenic engine on its own. Some of the confidence stemmed from the fact that significant elements of the manufacturing know-how needed to design and construct cryogenic engines had in fact been already transferred to India by 1993 when the contract was renegotiated.
In March 1994, Dr. U. R. Rao of ISRO admitted that ISRO would benefit from design drawings and other information obtained under the original contract and from the extensive training that its engineers received in Russia. The continued presence of Russian space technicians at ISRO in connection with the outright supply of the two KVD-1 engines provided ISRO a conduit to the source of KVD-1 technology.
However, despite its confidence ISRO faltered when it was faced with the production of special alloys and high-speed turbines required for cryogenic fuels and it became evident that delays in the production of the KVD-1 derivative would affect the GSLV launch schedule. Consequently, in December 2001 India entered into an agreement with Khrunichev Space Centre for supply of five additional KVD-1 engines for its GSLV programe.
When Khrunichev announced its deal with ISRO it also stated that Russia and India would collaborate on further development of the booster. The statement seems to suggest that Khrunichev will continue assisting ISRO with the development of its CUS
Conclusion
ISRO projection of the CUS development as a totally indigenous effort is in poor taste but in all likelihood dictated by political expediency of not treading on American sensibilities.
What is commendable is the determination that ISRO has shown in single mindedly pursuing its goal and finally achieving them. The substantial Russian help notwithstanding, there can be little doubt that ISRO has now acquired the technology to develop cryogenic rocket engines. However, the technology has not yet been validated. The time for back slapping will only come after a successful launch of a GSLV Mk II equipped with a CUS. Hopefully, this will take place in 2006-2007.
I am not a Desh-drohi as some are trying to say
Still,
*kuku.sawf.org/Articles/3583.aspx
This isnt againt anyone's point.but I reaffirmed my earlier observations(newspapers etc)
Well,no fighting's,even I want to believe that Indian Engineers developed cryogenic engine,well..the root is always from USSR
Ahhh!..dont get the patriotic way!even I am patriotic for that matter !no need to show pk forums
Actually it is this one,if you look carefully.
*upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/French-roundel.svg/200px-French-roundel.svg.png
Oh well no point of arguing now,this clip is a straight rip from the movie "skyfighters"
*www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqDgaYfxrIY
I am disappointed at people posting it on youtube as IAF video.
Great!!!!!( But it is for frenchie's not for IAF )