this seems to be simple binary conversion ..
nothing to do specifically with tcp/ip
11001010 => 2^7+2^6+2^3+2^1 = 202
00000101 => 2^2+2^0 = 5
00001000 => 2^3 = 8
00010000 => 2^4 = 16
you do know about binary dont you !!
this reminds me of the joke !
"there are 10 kind of people in this world,
those who understand binary and those who dont !"
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alibi