OK this demands a huge explanation.
Due to friction (Assuming a comb which you used a second ago or you can even rub it on a dry towel) some electrons stick to your hair(Due to this your hair strands might stand up).
This results in less number of electrons in comb which was previously electrically neutral i.e it had same number of +ve and -ve charges.
Now since the comb has an excess of electrons, it has the tendency of attracting electrons to again become electrically neutral. Hence it tries to attract anything light in weight because the electrical force is not so large in magnitude that it cannot attact huge objects. Like the comb can attract small pieces of paper or even your hair for instance coz they are light in weight.
This is electrostatic, i.e due to electrons at rest.
Electromagnetic is due to electrons in motion. Like when electrons are moving in your electricity wire, they set up a magnetic field which can be detected with a cheap 15/- rupee wala compass. Try it.
And fireseeker is right. Magnetism is only found not only in metals but in all the conducters (for instance some alloys). This is because electromagnetism is only possible with moving electrons, in plastics electrons cannot move as it is an insultor .
PS: And why exactly are you asking such questions? You in 11th or 12th?
@Intel_gigacore: Gravity is found in just about everything. Its a property of matter to attract other things in its vicinity. Gravity can never be zero (It is zero at infinity but who has seen infinity after all
)
Magnetic field is due to the large amount of molten iron that flows in the earth's core. Like I explained above, moving electrons (which are in this molten iron) tend to produce magnetism.
WAtch the movie CORE. It discusses this issue. In the movie the iron stopped moving so earth was in danger. They talked all the PhD level of nonsense which went over my head
Intel_Gigacore said:
^ i've read the wiki. but what makes property of attracting matter?. i agree mass is related to gravity.
and even they say, gravity is more at poles than at equator. this is just what magnetic field property says.
Its not mass that is related to gravity but weight is related to gravity.
Weight of a body on a planet = Mass of body X Gravitational pull of the planet.
Mass is independent of gravity.
Accelaration due to gravity = (G.M)/r^2
where G = Constant
M = Mass of the planet (and not weight)
r= distance of the point of measurement from the centre of the planet.
Now the earth is not exactly circular but is more like an orange(this is the example they give in every damn book
). It is flatter at poles.
So r(poles) < r(equator) therefore;
g(poles) > g(equator) as g and r are inversaly related..
In magnetic phenomena, consider earth as a giant bar magnet(Its the iron which I described). Now bar magnet has a property that the magnetic field is more at the end and less at the centre. This is because all the magnetic waves enter the magnet from the ends, which increases the magnitude of total waves entering hence increases the magnetic force magnitude. At the centre this magnitude is less. Search google for this kinda figure and you can understand. So at the ends (which are located at the poles) the magnetic pull is more than the contre(which is located at the equator).
Have fun.