Like pradeep said, encryption is something totally different. You are talking about bit strength. Bit strength of a password is calculated based on various factors, like the number of characters/numbers, repetition of characters, numbers, positioning, special characters, bits of entropy of the password/passphrase, and a lot of other information, including the number of bit estimates per letter. Its highly mathematical and varies depending on which bit estimate you use, etc. So a password like mush25032005 would have a very low bit strength, not to mention a rock bottom security index, since its obviously a dictionary word combined with a date in the dd-mm-yyyy format. A 4-character password with just a-z and 0-9 and not using any special characters and excluding the similar characters, such as j78z would have an approximate bit strength of 22, while a 14 character password using A-Z, a-z, 0-9, special characters and not excluding any similar characters, such as Nv2cy$dwaMS!a& would have a bit strength of 92. For a more detailed explanation of bit strengths of passwords and passphrases and the mathematics behind them, read through the wonderful 3-part article by the guru of encryption, Jesper Johansson, along with the mathematics involved in them, here:
*www.microsoft.com/technet/security/secnews/articles/itproviewpoint091004.mspx