I had to read a nice book on CG Algorithm, it was 'Procedural Elements for Computer Graphics' by D.F.Rogers (McGrawHill). It has got everything that u will possibly need and much more, and that too written lucidly.
However, I think in real life programming u don't need to know all those algorithms as all of them are nicely wrapped inside libraries and classes. (Who wants to reinvent the wheel after all!!!). So, if u don't have any CG algorithm exam coming on, or u intend to invent or research on such matters, I suggest u invest ur time and brain on learning OpenGL or DirectX, rather than graphics primitives. However, some math knowledge wouldn't be bad!!!